Halacha Notes
1) Grifa is removing the olive pit ashes or coals.
2) Ketima is lowering the temperature by putting ashes over the fire. This serves as a reminder of bishul.
3) Ketima is considered a blech.
4) Rav Moshe says that you just have to cover the fire to have a belch and Rav Aharon says you also have to cover the knobs.
5) Sheiyah is leaving food on the fire on Shabbos.
6) Don’t have to know
7) Don’t have to know
8) Don’t have to know
9) Chazarah is returning to the fire on Shabbos because it’s mechzi k’mivashel (looks like cooking).
10) Maachel ben Drusai is food that is partially cooked and is minimally edible. Rashi says it’s 1/3 cooked and ramban says ½ cooked. This is when the isur of cooking begins. It has to be Maachel ben Drusai before shabbos.
11) Hagasa is stirring food on the fire.
12) Scooping food without moving the rest is a machlokes if it is hagasah. Lakewood people say it’s a problem and Rabbi Forst says it’s not.
13) The Kol Bo says even when the food it totally cooked Hagasah is an isur dioreisa.
14) The Mishan brurah says that the kol bo is shocking but we follow it.
15) Scooping from the top
1. Cooks more
2. It’s an act of cooking so it’s isur itself
16) Borer only applies when there is a true mixture. The Taz says that it applies even if there is no true mixture. That would mean it’s asur to chose socks on Friday night for Shabbos morning.
17) WCHIB stands for warm, cooked, hand, intent, blech. Sfardim differ on warm, they say it has to be hot.
18) Hand and intent can be eliminated, one in tzorech kitzas, and both for tzorech gadol.
19) Hatmanah is totally enveloping food to retain heat.
20) Two types of hatmanah are 1. Insulated with something that adds heat (hatmanah badavar shemosif hevel) like a crock-pot or heating pan 2. Covered with somethinhg that just retains heat
21) hatmanah badavar shemosif hevel is assur on Friday afternoon.
22) The three conditions necessary for something not to be borer: biyad (with your hand), miyad (immediately), and good from biyad (good from bad with your hand)
23) The Atlantic City method works because it’s not a mixture- you throw it to spread it out.
24) Two types of pikuach nefesh: time is of the essence and time is not of the essence- minimize halacha.
25) Taking medicine is tochen (grinding).
26) Three types of people could take medicine
1. choleh kol gufo (whole body is sick)
2. nofel u’mishkav (lying down) so much so that you can’t fake being well
3. Aver echad (one limb) is very painful
27) Preventative medicine is allowed.
28) Heterim for amira l’akum on deoreisa: Boro Park Chalah Eez Best:
1. Bain ha’shimashos, (Ahskenazim follow Rav Shlomo Miller who says 30 min after shkiyah; Chasidim hold 72 minutes [Estee Greenbaum and Shira Rothstein]; in Israel they hold 13 minutes)
2. Psik reisha- not actively happening
3. choleh
4. eruv
5. bris
29) Heterim for amira l’akum on derabanan: Her Majestty’s kalah Tzedaak:
1. Hefsed merubah (great loss)
2. Mitzvah
3. kavod habrios
4. tzarchei rabim
30) Two issurim on arimrah:
1. You can’t tell goy to do an isur
2. You can’t benefit from milacha that a goy did, even if he did it on his own- except for eruv and doesn’t refer to the absence of something (like turning off the light)
31) Hinting is allowed when you’re not telling him to do it and when it’s the removal of something.
32) Hakol cholim etzel hatzinah – everyone is considered a choleh when it’s cold. So, you could ask a goy to turn on the heat on a very cold day.
33) A child isn’t a choleh regarding asking a goy to do something for him when he’s: 9 or 10 (dayan weiss), 10 or 11 (tzitz eliezer), 12 (rabi tzion abba shaul and rabbi hoffman)
Eruv
It’s an isur deoreisah.
Four types of areas:
rishus harabim (public)
rishus hayachid (enclosed area)
karmelis (non enclosed area that’s not considered public)- you can only have aneruv in a karmelis with less that 600,000 people
makum patur (an expemted spot) like the top of a fire hydrent
Two types of carrying isurim-
havarah (carrying something) in rishus harabim for four amos (rav chaim naeh 18 inches and rav moshe feinstein 21.25 inches and chazon ish says 24 inches)
Transferring from one domain to another even if it’s less than four amos- you need an akira (uproot from one rishus) hanacha (putting it down in another rishus)- if you’re missing one of those elements then it’s only an isur derebanan. Deoreisa has to have both those elements in a rishus harabim
Karmelis- derabanan to carry here. Far Rockaway and Lawrence are karmelis.
To get out of the isur of carrying you need to mix (make surrounding walls around the area) and share (food)
An eruv has two elements
walls or doorways surrounding the city (tzuras hapesach- series of doorways) a doorway si two posts (lechi) and the top is a mashkof. The mashkof has to be on top of the lechis not in the middle.
2. food kept in an accessible place
Makom patur- stops hanacha (putting it down). If you take something out by accident you put it on something more than ten tefachim above the ground (life a fire hydrant) but less than four by four on top. Then it’s just a derabanan.
Rishus harabim- Rav Moshe and Chasidim had a machlokes over what is rishus harabim. “im yaish b’richov” so what’s a rchov. Rav Moshe said that broolyn and the city are rishus harabim because there are more than 600,000 people in the city, and rechov is the city. Chasidim say echov is the actual block so they have eruvs in the city and in Brooklyn.
Machlokes: Rishus harabim without 600,000 people? If the street is 16 amos wide and 6000,00 or only one. Some say yes and some say no.
Mishna brurah says to be careful
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